Gene Krupa Trio

Gene Krupa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Eugene Bertram Krupa (January 15, 1909 – October 16, 1973) was an American jazz and big band drummer, band leader, actor, and composer. Known for his highly energetic, flamboyant style and for his showmanship,[1] Krupa was important for his musical contribution to jazz music and his influence extends to this day.[2]

His drum solo on "Sing, Sing, Sing" (1937) elevated the role of the drummer as a frequently used solo voice in the band, making him one of the first major percussive soloists.

He is also known for defining the standard drum kit used today in collaboration with brands Slingerland and Zildjian. Krupa is considered "the founding father of modern drumset" by Modern Drummer magazine.[3]

Early life

Gene Krupa was born in Chicago, the youngest of Anna (née Oslowski) and Bartłomiej Krupa's nine children. Bartłomiej was an immigrant from Poland. Anna was born in Shamokin, Pennsylvania, also of Polish descent. His parents were devout Roman Catholics and had groomed Gene for the priesthood. He spent his grammar school days at various parochial schools. Upon graduation he attended Saint Joseph's College for a year, but later decided it was not his vocation.

Krupa studied with Sanford A. Moeller and began playing drums professionally in the mid-1920s with bands in Wisconsin. He broke into the Chicago scene in 1927, when he was picked by MCA to become a member of "Thelma Terry and Her Playboys", the first notable American jazz band—all-girl bands excepted—to be led by a female musician. The Playboys were the house band at The Golden Pumpkin nightclub in Chicago, and toured extensively throughout the eastern and central United States.

Career

Krupa made his first recordings in 1927, with a band under the leadership of Red McKenzie and guitarist Eddie Condon. Along with other recordings by musicians from the Chicago jazz scene such as Bix Beiderbecke, these recordings are examples of Chicago style jazz. The numbers recorded at that session were "China Boy", "Sugar", "Nobody's Sweetheart", and "Liza". The McKenzie-Condon recordings are notable for being early examples of the use of a bass drum and snare drum/cymbals on recordings, at least for the studio where these recordings were made. Some of Krupa's big influences during this time were Father Ildefonse Rapp, Roy Knapp (both teachers of Gene). Later, there were cylinder recordings of African drumming that Gene intensely studied. Drummers such as Tubby Hall, Zutty Singleton and Baby Dodds contributed to Gene's developing his own sound. Press rolls were a fairly common technique in the early stages of Gene's development and, stylistically, this technique was, to some degree, evident in Krupa's playing well into the late 1940s and early 1950s. Gene assimilates these influences into his own style very early in his career. There were many other drummers (Ray Bauduc, Chick Webb, George Wettling, Dave Tough) whose work influenced Gene's approach to drumming and other instrumentalists and composers (Frederick Delius, for one) who strongly influenced Gene's entire approach to music.[4]

Krupa also appeared on six recordings made by the Thelma Terry band in 1928.[5] In December 1934, he joined Benny Goodman's band, where his featured drum work made him a national celebrity. His tom-tom interludes on their hit "Sing, Sing, Sing" were the first extended drum solos to be recorded commercially.[6] However, "artistic and personal disputes" with Goodman prompted Krupa to leave the group and form his own orchestra, shortly after the famous Carnegie Hall concert in January 1938.[7] He appeared in the 1941 film Ball of Fire, in which he and his band perform an extended version of the hit "Drum Boogie", sung by Barbara Stanwyck (whose singing was dubbed by Martha Tilton), which he had composed with trumpeter Roy Eldridge. As an encore to this piece, he plays a tamer version of the same song using matchsticks as drumsticks and a matchbox as a drum, while Stanwyck and the audience sing along. In 1943, his arrest for possession of marijuana (see below) forced the breakup of his own orchestra and he rejoined Goodman's band for a year.[7]

As the 1940s ended, large orchestras fell by the wayside: Count Basie closed his large band and Woody Herman reduced his to an octet. Krupa gradually cut down the size of his own band in the late 1940s, and from 1951 on he led a trio or quartet, often featuring the multi-instrumentalist Eddie Shu on tenor sax, clarinet and harmonica. He appeared regularly in the Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts. He made a cameo appearance in the 1946 film The Best Years of Our Lives. His athletic drumming style, timing methods and cymbal technique evolved during this decade to fit in with changed fashions and tastes, but he never quite adjusted to the bebop style of jazz.[4]

In 1954, Krupa returned to Hollywood to appear in such films as The Glenn Miller Story and The Benny Goodman Story. In 1959, the movie biography The Gene Krupa Story was released; Sal Mineo portrayed Krupa, and the film featured a cameo appearance by Red Nichols.[4]

During the 1950s Krupa often appeared at the Metropole, near Times Square in Manhattan. He continued to perform in famous clubs in the 1960s, including the Showboat Lounge in NW Washington DC. Increasingly troubled by back pain, he retired in the late 1960s and opened a music school. One of his pupils was Kiss drummer Peter Criss,[8] whilst Jerry Nolan from The New York Dolls was another, as evidenced by the drumming similarities between Kiss's "100,000 Years" and The New York Dolls's "Jet Boy".

Krupa occasionally played in public in the early 1970s until shortly before his death. One such late appearance occurred in 1972 at a jazz concert series sponsored by the New School in New York. Krupa appeared onstage with other well-known musicians including trumpeter Harry James and the younger jazz saxophonist Gerry Mulligan. The presumption was that the 500 or so audience members were drawn by Mulligan's contemporary appeal, but when, during the second tune, Krupa took a 16-bar break, the room erupted, the crowd leaping to its feet and creating a deafening roar of unanimous affection. In effect, Krupa remained a seminal performer up to his death, even while playing for a huge audience perhaps half his age.

Krupa–Rich "drum battles"

Norman Granz recruited Krupa and fellow drummer Buddy Rich for his Jazz at The Philharmonic concerts. It was suggested that the two perform a "drum battle" at the Carnegie Hall concert in September 1952, which was recorded and later issued on vinyl as The Drum Battle by Verve.

Further drum battles took place at subsequent JATP concerts; the two drummers also faced off in a number of television broadcasts and other venues. and often played similar duets with drummer Cozy Cole.

Krupa and Rich recorded two studio albums together: Krupa and Rich (Verve, 1955) and Burnin' Beat (Verve, 1962).

Personal life

Krupa married Ethel Maguire twice: the first marriage lasted from 1934 to 1942; the second one dates from 1946 to her death in 1955. Their relationship was dramatized in the biopic about him. Krupa remarried in 1959 to Patty Bowler.

In 1943, Krupa was arrested for possession of two marijuana cigarettes and was given a 90-day jail sentence, of which he served 84 days. He was also charged with, but acquitted of, contributing to the delinquency of a minor. He was exonerated/acquitted of all charges when it was subsequently proven that the entire episode was a trumped-up "frame", as the prosecution's key witness had been paid to falsely testify against Krupa.[9]

In the 1960s his house in Yonkers, New York, was almost totally destroyed by fire. He continued to live in the parts of the house that were inhabitable.

In 1973, Krupa died of leukemia and heart failure in Yonkers, New York, aged 64.[10][11] He was buried in Holy Cross Cemetery in Calumet City, Illinois.

Legacy

In the 1930s, Krupa became the first endorser of Slingerland drums. At Krupa's urging, Slingerland developed tom-toms with tuneable top and bottom heads, which immediately became important elements of virtually every drummer's setup. Krupa developed and popularized many of the cymbal techniques that became standards. His collaboration with Armand Zildjian of the Avedis Zildjian Company developed the modern hi-hat cymbals and standardized the names and uses of the ride cymbal, crash cymbal, splash cymbal, pang cymbal, and swish cymbal. He is also credited with helping to formulate the modern drum set, being one of the first jazz drummers (for that recording studio) to use a bass drum, in a recording session in December 1927.[12] One of his bass drums, a Slingerland 14 X 26, inscribed with Benny Goodman's and Krupa's initials, is preserved at the Smithsonian museum in Washington, D.C.[13]

In 1959, The Gene Krupa Story was released theatrically in America. In 1978, Krupa became the first drummer inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame. The 1937 recording of Louis Prima's "Sing, Sing, Sing (With a Swing)" by Benny Goodman and His Orchestra featuring Gene Krupa on drums was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1982.

Krupa has been cited as an inspiration for drummers including Creedence Clearwater Revival's Doug Clifford and Kiss's Peter Criss.[14] Rhythm, the UK's best-selling drum magazine, voted Gene Krupa the third most influential drummer ever, in a poll conducted for its February 2009 issue. Voters included over 50 top-name drummers.

Discography

As leader

  • 1938–41 Drummin' Man (Charly) with Roy Eldridge, Anita O'Day, Benny Carter, Charlie Ventura
  • 1939 Live: Americas Favorite Drummer
  • 1940–41 Drum Boogie (Columbia)
  • 1941–1949 Uptown (Columbia)
  • 1945 Town Hall Jazz Concert, Gene Krupa-Charlie Ventura Trio (3 selections) (Commodore, reissue Atlantic, 1973)
  • 1949 Lionel Hampton/Gene Krupa (Forlane) with Don Fagerquist, Frank Rehak, Frank Rosolino, Roy Eldridge
  • 1952 The Drum Battle (Verve) with Buddy Rich
  • 1953 The Exciting Gene Krupa (Enoch's Music) with Charlie Shavers, Bill Harris, Willie Smith, Ben Webster, Teddy Wilson, Herb Ellis, Ray Brown, Israel Crosby
  • 1953 Timme Rosenkrantz' 1945 Concert, Vol. 3
  • 1954 Gene Krupa, Vol. 1
  • 1954 Gene Krupa, Vol. 2
  • 1954 Sing, Sing, Sing
  • 1954 The Driving Gene Krupa
  • 1955 The Gene Krupa Quartet
  • 1955 The Jazz Rhythms of Gene Krupa
  • 1955 G. Krupa–L. Hampton–T. Wilson
  • 1956 Krupa and Rich (Verve) with Roy Eldridge, Dizzy Gillespie, Illinois Jacquet, Flip Phillips, Oscar Peterson, Herb Ellis, Ray Brown, Buddy Rich
  • 1956 Gene Krupa Big Band: Drummer Man featuring Anita O'Day & Roy Eldridge (Verve)
  • 1957 Krupa Rocks
  • 1959 Big Noise from Winnetka (Verve)
  • 1959 Hey...Here's Gene Krupa
  • 1959 Plays Gerry Mulligan Arrangements (Verve)
  • 1959 The Gene Krupa Story
  • 1961 Percussion King
  • 1962 Burnin' Beat (Verve) with Buddy Rich
  • 1963 The Mighty Two (Roulette) with Louis Bellson
  • 1963 Classics in Percussion
  • 1964 Featuring Charlie Ventura
  • 1964 The Great New Gene Krupa Quartet Featuring Charlie Ventura (Verve) also Nabil Totah and John Bunch
  • 1973 Live at the New School (Chiaroscuro, 1973 [2002])

As sideman

With Benny Goodman

  • 1950 Live at Carnegie Hall (1938)
  • 1955 The Benny Goodman Story, Vols. 1–2
  • 1956 The King of Swing, Vol. 2
  • 1956 Trio Quartet Quintet
  • 1997 The Complete RCA Victor Small Group Recordings (RCA Victor, 1935–39 [1997])

References

  1. ^ "Gene Krupa". AllMusic. Retrieved 2011-10-20. 
  2. ^ Spagnardi, Ron (1992). The Great Jazz Drummers. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 35. 
  3. ^ "Gene Krupa: The Man Who Made It All Happen". Modern Drummer. Retrieved 2017-01-15. 
  4. ^ a b c "Gene Krupa profile". Drummerman.net. Retrieved 2011-10-20. 
  5. ^ "Thelma Terry and her Playboys". Redhotjazz.com. Retrieved 2011-10-20. 
  6. ^ Bruce H. Klauber, World of Gene Krupa: that legendary drummin' man, p. 13 
  7. ^ a b J. Pagano Jr. "Gene Krupa Biographies / Gene Krupa". Gkrp.net. Archived from the original on 2002-06-29. Retrieved 2016-03-13. 
  8. ^ KISS – Behind the Mask, David Leaf and Ken Sharp, 2003, Warner Books, ISBN 978-0446695244
  9. ^ "Gene Krupa's Biography". Drummerman.net. Retrieved 2011-10-20. 
  10. ^ Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years (1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 255. CN 5585. 
  11. ^ United Press International (October 17, 1973). "Gene Krupa". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved 2012-10-16. Drummer Gene Krupa, whose flying sticks symbolized the swing era, died Tuesday after a lengthy illness. 
  12. ^ "Drummer World: Gene Krupa". Drummerworld.com. Retrieved 2015-01-28. 
  13. ^ ""Gene Krupa: a Drummer with Star Power" by Owen Edwards". Smithsonianmag.com. Retrieved 2012-06-25. 
  14. ^ Wilkening, Matthew (13 October 2011). "Creedence Clearwater Revival's Doug Clifford discusses his influences, punk rock and Revisited's future". Ultimate Classic Rock. Townsquare Media. Retrieved 7 November 2017. 

External links

This page was last modified 12.06.2018 05:06:41

This article uses material from the article Gene Krupa from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and it is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.