Franco Alfano

Franco Alfano

born on 8/3/1876 in Posillipo, Campania, Italy

died on 27/10/1954 in Sanremo, Liguria, Italy

Franco Alfano

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Franco Alfano (8 March 1875 27 October 1954) was an Italian composer and pianist. Best known today for his opera Risurrezione (1904) and above all for having completed Puccini's opera Turandot in 1926. He had considerable success with several of his own works during his lifetime.

Career

Alfano was born in Posillipo, Naples. He attended piano lessons given privately by Alessandro Longo, and harmony and composition respectively under Camillo de Nardis (1857-1951) and Paolo Serrao at the conservatory San Pietro a Majella in Naples. Later, after graduating, he pursued further composition studies with Hans Sitt and Salomon Jadassohn in Leipzig. While working there he met his idol, Edvard Grieg, and wrote numerous piano and orchestral pieces.

From 1918 he was Director of the Conservatory of Bologna, from 1923 Director of the Turin Conservatory, and from 1947 to 1950 Director of the Rossini Conservatory in Pesaro. Alfano died in San Remo.[1]

Operas

He completed his first opera, Miranda, still unpublished, for which he also wrote the libretto based on a novel by Antonio Fogazzaro in 1896. His work La Fonte Di Enschir (libretto by Luigi Illica) was refused by Ricordi but was presented in Wrocaw (then Breslau) as Die Quelle von Enschir on 8 November 1898. It enjoyed some success.

His three most important operas begin with Risurrezione in 1904. It was based on Tolstoy, and was later sung by Magda Olivero.

Cyrano de Bergerac followed. This based on the famous play by Edmond Rostand and composed to the French libretto by Henri Cain. It had its Italian version premiere in Rome in January 1936, and its French version premiere in Paris four months later. It was recently revived by the Kiel Opera (Germany), the Montpellier Radio Festival (France) and the Metropolitan Opera, New York, starring Plácido Domingo in the title role.

In 1921, La Leggenda di Sakùntala appeared, and while it was successful enough to have Arturo Toscanini recommend Alfano to complete Puccini's posthumous Turandot, the performance materials were thought destroyed in an air raid during the Second World War. Alfano reconstructed it in 1952 as Sakùntala, after Abhijñnakuntalam (The Recognition of Sakuntala), the Sanskrit play by Kalidasa. Subsequently, the original version was recovered in 2005, with the two versions available for performance today. The second version of Sakùntala will be performed in New York City by Teatro Grattacielo in the fall of 2013.

Historical perspectives

In Fanfare 's issue of September/October 1998-99, it was asserted that Alfano's reputation suffers because of several things. Firstly, that he should not be judged as a composer on the basis of the task he was given in completing Turandot (La Scala, 25 April 1926). Secondly, that we almost never hear everything he wrote for Turandot since the standard ending heavily edits Alfano's work.[2] Thirdly, [...]it is not his conclusion that is performed in productions of Turandot but only what the premiere conductor Arturo Toscanini included from it... Puccini had worked for nine months on the following concluding duet and at his death had left behind a whole ream of sketches... Alfano had to reconstruct...according to his best assessment...and with his imagination and magnifying glass" since Puccini's material "had not really been legible."[3]

"Alfano's reputation has also suffered [IC:along with Mascagni], understandably, because of his willingness to associate himself closely with Mussolini's Fascist government."

Alex Ross, in The New Yorker,[4] notes that a new ending of Turandot composed by Luciano Berio premiered in 2002[5] is preferred by some critics for making a more satisfactory resolution of Turandot's change of heart, and of being more in keeping with Puccini's evolving technique.

List of works

  • 1896 Miranda Opera
  • 1898 La Fonte di Enschir Opera
  • 1899 Four Romanian Dances for piano
  • 1901 Napoli Ballet
  • 1901 Lorenza - Ballet
  • 1904 Risurrezione Opera
  • 1909 Suite Romantica for orchestra (became Eliana)
  • 1909 Il principe di Zilah - Opera
  • 1910 Symphony n. 1
  • 1910 I Cavalieri e la Bella Opera (never completed)
  • 1914 L'ombra di Don Giovanni Opera (later Don Juan de Manara)
  • 1918 Tre poemi by Tagore for voice and piano
  • 1918 Quartet n. 1 for strings
  • 1919 Six songs for voice and piano
  • 1921 La Leggenda di Sakùntala Opera
  • 1923 Eliana Ballet from Suite Romantica
  • 1923 Sonata in D for violin and piano
  • 1925 Sonata for cello and piano
  • 1926 Turandot finale Opera
  • 1926 Quartet n. 2 for strings
  • 1927 Madonna Imperia Opera
  • 1928 Tre Liriche by Tagore for voice and piano
  • 1929 Concerto for Violin, Cello and Piano
  • 1930 L'ultimo Lord Opera semiseria, libretto by Ugo Falena
  • 1930 Himno al Libertador dedicated to Simon Bolivar
  • 1933 Vesuvio Ballet
  • 1933 Symphony n. 2
  • 1935 Divertimento for piano and chamber orchestra
  • 1936 Nuove Liriche Tagoriane for voice and piano
  • 1936 Cyrano de Bergerac Opera
  • 1939 Tre Nuove Liriche
  • 1941 Don Juan de Manara Opera
  • 1943 E' Giunto il Nostro Ultimo Autunno for voice and piano
  • 1945 Quintet in A flat Major for Piano and String Quartet
  • 1948 Cinque Nuove Liriche Tagoriane for voice and piano
  • 1949 Il Dottor Antonio Opera
  • 1949 Quartet No 3 in g minor for strings
  • 1950 Vesuvius Opera for radio (from Vesuvius)
  • 1952 Sakùntala Opera (reconstruction now superseded by the original 1921 score, discovered in 2006 in the Ricordi archives)
  • 1953 Sinfonia Classica from Symphony n. 1
  • Other works:
    • Suite Adriatica;
    • Intermezzi for Strings;
    • Ninna-Nanna Partenopea.

See also List of operas by Alfano.

Recordings

  • Cyrano de Bergerac; William Johns, Olivia Stapp, Gianfranco Cecchele, Miti Truccato Pace, Ezio Di Cesare, Alfredo Giacomotti - Director: Maurizio Arena - Orchestra RAI di Torino - Live - 2 CD Opera d'Oro IOD (2004);
  • Resurrezione; Magda Olivero, Giuseppe Gismondo, Nucci Condò, Anna Di Stasio - Director: Elio Boncompagni - Live - 2 CD Opera d'Oro IOD (2003);
  • Sakùntala; Sakùntala: Celestina Casapietra Il re: Michele Molese Prijamvada: Laura Didier Gambardella Anusuya: Adriana Baldiseri Kanva: Aurio Tomicich Durvasas: Ferruccio Mazzoli Harita: Mario Rinaudo Il giovane eremita: Ezio Di Cesare Lo scudiero: Carlo Micheluzzi Un pescatore: Vincenzo Tadeo Una guardia: Alberto Caruzzi; Orchestra Sinfonica e Coro di Roma della Rai, director: Ottavio Ziino CD Tryphon TRC-9612;
  • Liriche da Tagore; Duo Alterno: Tiziana Scandaletti, soprano - Riccardo Piacentini, pianoforte CD Nuova Era 7388 (Torino 2004).

Notes on recordings

  • 1925 Sonata for Cello and Piano world premiere recording by cellist Samuel Magill and pianist Scott Dunn on the Naxos label
  • 1932 Concerto for Violin, Cello and Piano world premiere recording by violinist Elmira Darvarova, cellist Samuel Magill and pianist Scott Dunn on the Naxos label (2009)[6]
  • 1923 Sonata for Violin and Piano world premiere recording on Naxos. Elmira Darvarova, Violin and Scott Dunn, Piano
  • 1945 Piano Quintet world premiere recording on Naxos with Elmira Darvarova, Violin, Mary Ann Mumm, Violin, Craig Mumm, Viola, Samuel Magill, Cello, and Scott Dunn, Piano

References

Notes

  1. Dryden, Konrad, CPO recording of Cirano di Bergerac
  2. Andreas K. W. Meyer (trans. Susan Marie Praeder), CPO opera set notes for Cyrano de Bergerac, pp. 29-30.
  3. Dryden, Konrad, p. 33, adds that the project, reluctantly undertaken, resulted in "near blindness in his right eye, requiring three months spent in darkened rooms."--Symphonies 1 and 2 [reviewed by Barry Brenesal in the same issue of Fanfare, pp. 103-04]
  4. Ross, Alex, New Yorker, 27 February 2006, pp. 8485
  5. on andante.com Retrieved 1 April 2013
  6. Elmira Darvarova. Naxos. Retrieved on 9 May 2010.

Further reading

  • Dryden, Konrad (2010) Franco Alfano: transcending Turandot. Lanham MD: Scarecrow Press ISBN 0-8108-6970-5
  • PosillipoLeipzigMiranda (1875-1896) -- La fonte d'enscir (1897-1899) -- Resurrezione and Il principe Zilah (1899-1909) -- L'ombra di Don Giovanni (1910-1914) -- La leggenda di Sakùntala, Tagore and tragedy (1915-1921) -- Turandot (1921-1925) -- Mary GardenViennaRostand (1926) -- Mussolini and Balzac (1927) -- Metropolitan Opera premiere (1928) -- A tale of two operas (1928-1929) -- France and an American saint (1930-1931) -- Cyrano de Bergerac (1932-1933) -- Palermo and Don Juan de Manara (1934-1941) -- Wartime phoenix (1942-1947) -- Final years (1948-1954) -- Appendix A: Opera plotsAppendix B: The Alfano opus.

External links

This page was last modified 04.02.2014 08:11:35

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